Which stage of weather conditions characterizes the physiological maturity of corn?

The physiological maturity of corn is significantly influenced by dry and cool conditions. During this stage, the plants have completed their growth cycle, and the kernels have reached maximum dry weight. This is crucial because at physiological maturity, the crop begins to lose moisture and starch accumulation ceases, leading to the hardening of the kernels. Dry conditions help in reducing moisture levels in the grain, which is essential for harvesting, as high moisture content can lead to spoilage and affect storage quality.

Cool conditions are also beneficial at this stage, as they slow down respiration rates in plants and help maintain the quality of the grain. These conditions reduce stress on the plant, allowing it to stabilize and prepare for harvest. Hence, a combination of dry and cool weather is ideal for achieving physiological maturity in corn.