What farming practice can increase carbon sequestration in soils?

No-till or reduced-till practices are effective in increasing carbon sequestration in soils primarily because they minimize soil disturbance. Conventional tillage disrupts soil structure, which can lead to increased soil erosion and the release of stored carbon into the atmosphere due to the exposure of soil organic matter. In contrast, no-till practices maintain the integrity of the soil structure and allow organic materials, such as crop residues, to decompose more slowly, leading to a gradual buildup of organic matter in the soil. This creates a more stable environment for soil organisms and promotes the formation of aggregates, which further enhances the soil’s ability to store carbon.

Additionally, no-till practices can improve soil moisture retention and promote beneficial biological activity in the soil, both of which contribute to greater carbon sequestration. As organic matter accumulates over time, the potential for the soil to act as a carbon sink increases, helping to mitigate climate change effects. Other practices such as crop rotation and cover cropping also contribute to soil health and can enhance carbon content, yet it is the minimal disturbance of no-till practices that specifically leads to a more significant increase in soil carbon sequestration compared to other methods.